What is the purpose of a line-of-sight in microwave communications?

The purpose of a line-of-sight in microwave communications is to ensure a clear path between transmitting and receiving antennas. This is essential because microwave signals require a direct, unobstructed path to travel effectively from one point to another. Any physical obstruction, such as buildings, trees, or hills, can interfere with the signal, leading to attenuation or complete loss of communication. By maintaining a clear line-of-sight, the integrity and strength of the microwave signal are maximized, thus allowing for reliable communication.

In the context of microwave communication systems, considerations such as antenna placement, elevation, and site survey become critical to achieving effective line-of-sight operation. This principle is fundamental in establishing microwave links, whether in telecommunication networks or other data transmission applications.